Prevalence and risk factors of “cognitive dysfunction syndrome” in geriatric dogs in Tehran

The purpose of this study was to detect prevalence and risk factors of “cognitive dysfunction syndrome” (CDS) in geriatric dogs in Tehran. CDS is a neurodegenerative condition affecting geriatric dogs, which affects multiple aspects of behavioral function. This study was performed on total of 234 client-owned dogs (7-16 years old). A questionnaire to assess behaviors and a canine cognitive dysfunction rating (CCDR) scale were used. Other potential risk factors including dog's age, sex, breed, body condition score, reproductive status, type of food intake, and type of medication were assessed at the time of questionnaire completion. Scores > 50 on the CCDR scale were indicative of canine cognitive dysfunction. The results of the statistical analysis showed that 21 dogs had CCDR scores greater than 50. Thus, in this study, the prevalence of CDS based on the CCDR scale was 8.9% (21/234). There were no significant differences between risk factors with CDS in this study. The results of this study suggested a low prevalence of CDS in senior dogs (older than 7 years) in Tehran; however, practitioners should consider routine screening for cognitive change in all aging dogs.