Effect of water exchange, salinity regime, stocking density and diets on growth and survival of domesticated black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798) reared in sand-based recirculating systems

Results of the two experiments indicated that the sand-based recirculation system with a water exchange at a rate of 5-10% a day and a combination diet of high protein pellets (55%) and a fresh-food combination consisting of 75% squid, 15% oyster and 10% blood cockle were suitable for the indoor rearing of the grow-out phase of P. monodon. Water salinity of 20-23 g·L− 1 and low stocking density of 10 animals per m2 resulted in the best growth of the shrimp. Survival of P. monodon in the grow-out phase was significantly higher (P < 0.05) at low salinity of 20-23 g·L− 1 as compared to high salinity of 32-33 g·L− 1 irrespective of stocking density. In conclusion, a sand-based recirculation system, high protein pellets and diversified fresh-food items, and water salinity of 20-23 g·L− 1 are suitable conditions for indoor grow-out phase up to 35 g average of the black tiger shrimp P. monodon.