Ginger: Response to pathogen-related diseases

Ginger shows high agricultural and medical values, but is severely susceptible to various diseases. Ginger is propagated exclusively by vegetative means through rhizome, which hinders the development of resistance by crossbreeding. The genetic engineering is the only availability for improving ginger's resistance to pathogens. This article presented a review of gene expression/transcriptional mechanisms of gingers in response to various diseases especially for soft rot and bacterial wilt. Other managements against diseases were also discussed. Consequently, this review summarized current genetic resources referred to ginger's defense mechanisms, discussed available methods to detect the resistant network and contributed to transgenic developments of gingers.