Changes and drivers of freshwater mussel diversity and distribution in northern Borneo

Due to human pressure on freshwater habitats over the past 50 years, four of originally five native, endemic freshwater mussel species in northern Borneo have become extremely rare and possibly locally extirpated. In the same time span, the non-native Sinanodonta woodiana has become the most widespread freshwater mussel in northern Borneo. Rectidens sumatrensis is the only remaining native mussel that retains stable populations across Sarawak but is vulnerable to further habitat alteration, such as eutrophication.217