Micro-wound detection on apple and pear fruit surfaces using sulfur dioxide

The incidence of wounding among SO2 treated apples varied from 9 to 20% and from 13 to 24% in the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 harvest periods, respectively. The susceptibility was higher on pear fruit which averaged 17-30% of wounded fruit at harvest for the same periods. Comparatively, the incidence of wounding varied between 5 and 11% when apple or pear fruit were evaluated visually for superficial defects. Additional wounds occurred during the sizing of 'Cameo' apples. Thus, the incidence of wounding was around 12 and 23% before and after sizing, respectively. SO2 fumigation revealed an abraded surface two-fold larger on fruit after sizing resulting principally from impacts between adjacent fruit and between fruit and the bin sides.