Applications of the crown diameter-stem diameter relationship for different species of broadleaved trees

The possible applications and uses of a knowledge of the K/d ratio are discussed, including implications for decisions on spacings, basal areas per hectare, the prediction of desirable stocking levels for any given mean stem diameter, and thinning regimes. Also discussed, are spacings that might be appropriate in mixed species stands, the management of overstories in shelterwood systems, genetic selection in breeding programmes and prediction of volumes of branchwood for fuel.