Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8498565 | Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2018 | 38 Pages |
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary myo-inositol on the intestinal immune barrier function and related signaling pathway in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 young grass carp (221.33â¯Â±â¯0.84â¯g) were fed six diets containing graded levels of myo-inositol (27.0, 137.9, 286.8, 438.6, 587.7 and 737.3â¯mg/kg) for 10 weeks. After the growth trial, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The results indicated that compared with the optimal dietary myo-inositol level, myo-inositol deficiency (27.0â¯mg/kg diet): (1) decreased lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, as well as complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents in the proximal intestine (PI), middle intestine (MI) and distal intestine (DI) of young grass carp (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). (2) down-regulated the mRNA levels of anti-microbial substance: liver expressed antimicrobial peptide (LEAP) 2A, LEAP-2B, hepcidin, β-defensin-1 and mucin2 in the PI, MI and DI of young grass carp (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). (3) up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines [IL-1β (not in DI), TNF-α and IL-8], nuclear factor kappa B P65 (not NF-κB P52), c-Rel, IκB kinaseα (IKKα), IKKβ and IKKγ mRNA levels in the PI, MI and DI of young grass carp (Pâ¯<â¯0.05); and down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-15 (not in DI) and inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) mRNA levels (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). (4) down-regulated the mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines [IL-10 (not in DI), IL-11, IL-4/13B (not IL-4/13A), TGF-β1 and TGF-β2], target of rapamycin (TOR), eIF4E-binding proteins 1 (4E-BP1) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6k1) in the PI, MI and DI of young grass carp (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). All data indicated that myo-inositol deficiency could decrease fish intestine immunity and cause inflammation under infection of A. hydrophila. Finally, the optimal dietary myo-inositol levels for the ACP and LZ activities in the DI were estimated to be 415.1 and 296.9â¯mg/kg diet, respectively.
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Authors
Shuang-An Li, Wei-Dan Jiang, Lin Feng, Yang Liu, Pei Wu, Jun Jiang, Sheng-Yao Kuang, Ling Tang, Wu-Neng Tang, Yong-An Zhang, Juan Yang, Xu Tang, He-Qun Shi, Xiao-Qiu Zhou,