Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8499502 | Fish & Shellfish Immunology | 2016 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
The growth performance, immunological status, intestinal morphology and microbiology of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, were investigated after dietary administration of the commercial probiotic AquaStar® Growout. Tilapia (29.02 ± 0.33 g) were split into five treatments; control (CON), 1.5 g kgâ1 probiotic (PRO-1.5), 3 g kgâ1 probiotic (PRO-3), pulsed probiotic feeding (PRO-PULSE) or an initial probiotic feed followed by control feeding (PRO-INI). After six weeks of experimental feeding, fish fed PRO-3 displayed significantly higher final weight, weight gain and SGR compared to the CON or PRO-INI treatments. Supplementation of the probiotic at this dose induced an up-regulation of intestinal caspase-3, PCNA and HSP70 mRNA levels compared to the CON fed fish. Immuno-modulatory pathways were also affected; significantly higher expression of TLR2, pro-inflammatory genes TNFα and IL-1β, and anti-inflammatory genes IL-10 and TGFβ suggest that the probiotic may potentiate a higher state of mucosal tolerance and immuno-readiness. Histological appraisal revealed significantly higher numbers of intraepithelial leucocytes in the intestine of PRO-3 fed fish compared with treatments CON, PRO-PULSE and PRO-INI but not PRO-1.5. Additionally, fish receiving PRO-3 had a significantly higher abundance of goblet cells in their mid-intestine when compared with fish from all other treatments. Together, these data suggest that continuous provision of AquaStar® Growout at 3 g kgâ1 can improve tilapia growth and elevate the intestinal immunological status of the host.
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Authors
B.T. Standen, D.L. Peggs, M.D. Rawling, A. Foey, S.J. Davies, G.A. Santos, D.L. Merrifield,