Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10129171 | Progress in Lipid Research | 2018 | 139 Pages |
Abstract
Sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG, aka seminolipid) is selectively synthesized in high amounts in mammalian testicular germ cells (TGCs). SGG is an ordered lipid and directly involved in cell adhesion. SGG is indispensable for spermatogenesis, a process that greatly depends on interaction between Sertoli cells and TGCs. Spermatogenesis is disrupted in mice null for Cgt and Cst, encoding two enzymes essential for SGG biosynthesis. Sperm surface SGG also plays roles in fertilization. All of these results indicate the significance of SGG in male reproduction. SGG homeostasis is also important in male fertility. Approximately 50% of TGCs become apoptotic and phagocytosed by Sertoli cells. SGG in apoptotic remnants needs to be degraded by Sertoli lysosomal enzymes to the lipid backbone. Failure in this event leads to a lysosomal storage disorder and sub-functionality of Sertoli cells, including their support for TGC development, and consequently subfertility. Significantly, both biosynthesis and degradation pathways of the galactosylsulfate head group of SGG are the same as those of sulfogalactosylceramide (SGC), a structurally related sulfoglycolipid important for brain functions. If subfertility in males with gene mutations in SGG/SGC metabolism pathways manifests prior to neurological disorder, sperm SGG levels might be used as a reporting/predicting index of the neurological status.
Keywords
MCTCGTSGCFAB-MSDRMSPPGERMcerebroside sulfotransferaseHMWMLDstx2APMSMRMGlcESIN-ethyl-N-nitrosoureaMALDI-TOFSggENUNCSTLCArylsulfatase Aceramide galactosyltransferaseCPKDPPCCStARSALC-ESI-MS/MSPAPsSeminiferous epitheliummale fertilityChoEctoplasmic specializationMale reproductionmatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationdipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholineChinese hamster ovary cellsfast atom bombardment mass spectrometryMass spectrometryDetergent resistant membranesPlasma membranephosphatidylcholineMetachromatic leukodystrophyLipidomicsZona pellucidamonocarboxylate transportermultiple reaction monitoringhigh molecular weightthin layer chromatographyGas liquid chromatographygalactosylceramidegalactosylceramidaseGalCLipid raftselectrospray ionization
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Authors
Nongnuj Tanphaichitr, Kessiri Kongmanas, Kym F. Faull, Julian Whitelegge, Federica Compostella, Naoko Goto-Inoue, James-Jules Linton, Brendon Doyle, Richard Oko, Hongbin Xu, Luigi Panza, Arpornrad Saewu,