Metabolome responses to physiological and nutritional challenges

•Current pathologies are drawn by simultaneous homeostatic perturbations.•Challenge tests allow to gain knowledge of the ability to counteract organism perturbations.•Foodomic tools report us changes in metabolomic profiles with an holistic view.•Metabolome profiling provides phenotypic readouts and can identify new biomarkers.

Nutrition-related pathologies need a broader nutritional view to address the multitude of involved homeostatic perturbations. Nutrition challenge tests combined with non-targeted metabolomics, as a scientific methodology to obtain new information on the dietary components, will accelerate the discovery of new biomarkers, thus preventing diet-related pathways in early disease stages or in healthy individuals.