Genetics of weight loss: A basis for personalized obesity management

•Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) can influence individual responses to diet.•Gene variants can be used for personalization and optimization of obesity treatment.•A comprehensive review of SNP influencing weight lowering response has been performed.

A personalized nutritional approach, based not only on phenotypic traits but also on genetic make-up, may help to control body weight and obesity. Recent advances in nutrigenetics, bioinformatics and genome-wide association/metabolomic/metagenomic studies are set to unleash a revolution in personalized nutrition. This article performs a systematic review of nutrigenetic data concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in weight loss that are considered polygenic. SNPs located in or near FTO, MC4R, MC3R, POMC, LEP, LEPR, PLIN1, APOA5, LIPC, FABP2, INSIG2, IRS1, GIPR, ADBR2, ADRB3, UCP1, RETN, ADIPOQ, IL6, PPARG, TCF7L2, and CLOCK, among others, are comprehensively reviewed.