Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2587095 | Food and Chemical Toxicology | 2008 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
We investigated whether inhaling peak concentrations of aldehydes several times daily is more damaging than semi-continuously inhaling low-dose aldehydes. We exposed Xpaâ/âp53+/â knock-out mice either intermittently or semi-continuously to mixed acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and acrolein. The intermittent regimen entailed exposure to the aldehydes 7Â min every 45Â min, 12Â times/day, 5Â days/week, corresponding to concentrations inhaled by smokers. Semi-continuously exposed animals received half the dose of aldehydes in 8Â h/day, 5Â days/week. Some mice in each group were sacrificed after 13Â weeks of exposure; the rest breathed clean air until the end of 1Â year. Mice injected intratracheally with benzo[a]pyrene formed a positive control group. The nasal cavity, lungs, and any macroscopically abnormal organs of all mice were analysed histopathologically. After 13Â weeks of exposure, the subacute, overall, histopathological changes induced by the inhalation differed noticeably between the intermittently and semi-continuously treated Xpaâ/âp53+/â knock-out mice. After 13Â weeks of mixed aldehyde exposure, atrophy of the olfactory epithelium generally appeared, but disappeared after 1Â year (adaptation and/or recovery). Respiratory epithelial metaplasia of the olfactory epithelium occurred at a higher incidence at 1Â year. Except for a significantly greater number of tumours observed in knock-out mice compared to wild mice (semi-continuous aldehyde exposure and controls), no differences between the semi-continuous and intermittent exposure groups were observed.
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Authors
F.R. Cassee, C.Y. de Burbure, B. Rambali, W. Vleeming, A. van de Kuil, H. van Steeg, P.H.B. Fokkens, J.G.C. van Amsterdam, J.A.M.A. Dormans, A. Opperhuizen,