Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5850493 | Food and Chemical Toxicology | 2014 | 6 Pages |
â¢In this study, anti-melanogenic activity of betulinic acid originated from the root of V. amurensis was evaluated.â¢Betulinic acid significantly suppressed IBMX induced melanogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in B16F10 cells.â¢Betulinic acid inhibited tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 expression through the regulation of MITF and CREB.â¢Anti-melanogenic process by betulinic acid might be accompanied with MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
Previously, betulinic acid was identified as one of the main compounds responsible for the anti-melanogenic effect in Vitis amurensis root. In this study, we investigated the precise mechanism underlying the anti-melanogenic activity of betulinic acid in B16F10 cells. Betulinic acid significantly attenuated 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced melanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 expression through the modulation of their corresponding transcription factors, microphthalamia associated transcription factor (MITF) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), in B16F10 cells. In addition, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, involved in the melanogenic processes, were ameliorated by betulinic acid treatment. Role of MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the melanogenesis was confirmed by using specific inhibitors, PD98059 (for MEK/ERK) and LY294002 (for PI3K/Akt), respectively. As a result, betulinic acid inhibited melanin production by tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 inhibition through the regulation of CREB and MITF, which was accompanied with MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt inactivation in IBMX-stimulated B16F10 cells. Consequently, these results demonstrate a novel molecular function of betulinic acid derived from V. amurensis root in melanogenesis, which in turn enhances our understanding on the application of cosmetic therapy for reducing skin hyperpigmentation.
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