Does switching to a tobacco-free waterpipe product reduce toxicant intake? A crossover study comparing CO, NO, PAH, volatile aldehydes, “tar” and nicotine yields

► Smoke toxicant content was compared for tobacco and non-tobacco products. ► Smoke from both categories of products contained substantial quantities of toxicants. ► Tobacco-free products did not exhibit reduced PAH, volatile aldehydes, CO, NO, or “tar” yields. ► Only the tobacco-based products produced a nicotine-containing smoke.