Nutritional composition of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. aril flour and its effect on serum lipids and glucose in rats

The aim of this study was to determine the proximate composition and the polyphenol content of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.´s aril flour (CAF) and to evaluate its effect on serum lipids and glucose in rats. Firstly, it was determined the protein, lipid, fibers, moisture and ash, and the total polyphenol content in the flour. Secondly, groups of male rats were fed with a commercial chow or a 10% CAF supplemented chow for 36 days. Serum total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, VLDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose, liver and fecal lipids were performed at the end of the experiment. The CAF showed high amounts of carbohydrates; the fiber content approached 30% in dry basis, and total polyphenol were higher than some fruits commonly consumed. There were lower levels of serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and glucose and higher triglyceride levels in the animals supplemented with CAF. Furthermore, there was either no accumulation of lipids in the livers or higher fecal excretion of these compounds in this group. The CAF showed a potential cholesterol and glucose-lowering effect. However, further studies should be accomplished on its chemicals, particularly, its vitamin and mineral as well as phytochemical and toxic composition. This information can be used as a basis for better understand the CAF metabolic effects and to ensure the safety of its intake as a food.