Hepatoprotective effects of garlic against ethanol-induced liver injury: A mini-review

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
8548326	Food and Chemical Toxicology	2018	29 Pages	PDF

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a progressively aggravated liver disease with a diverse spectrum from steatosis to hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Epidemiological studies reveal that alcohol is one of the major causes of advanced liver disease in Europe, United States, and China. Despite the considerable harm, progression in ALD research is slow and the current therapies for ALD have less efficient. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used as a flavoring agent and also a folk medicine since ancient time. Along with the prosperity in the use of herbal medicines for the treatment of human diseases in recent decades, a series of studies have focused on the beneficial effects of garlic against ALD. This mini-review highlighted the protective roles of garlic against ALD and the potential mechanisms.

Keywords

DATS DAS SAC FAS GSH HO-1 iNOS ALT MCP-1 RNS IL-10 mitogen-activated protein kinas TLR4 AMPK diallyl trisulfide KCS CYP2E1 CPT-1 PPAR-α AFL DADS NRF-2 SAMC NF-E2 related factor-2 MDA NAFLD SPC ECM ACC GGT LPS SREBP-1c H2S SMC DALYs AMP-activated protein kinase MAPK NOx OSCs PKB/AKT ROS ALD adiponectin AST Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase ALP Alkaline phosphatase acetyl-CoA carboxylase fatty acid synthase NADPH oxidase Interleukin 10 alcoholic liver disease Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Organosulfur compounds triglyceride tumor necrosis factor α Diallyl disulfide diallyl sulfide Garlic oil SOD Kupffer cells Age inducible nitric oxide synthase Hydrogen sulfide Superoxide dismutase cytochrome P4502E1 Garlic alcoholic cirrhosis Aged garlic extract TNF-α lactic dehydrogenase LDH lipopolysaccharide extra cellular matrix malondialdehyde Nitric oxide heme oxygenase 1 Alcoholic hepatitis Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c monocyte chemoattractant protein protein kinase B carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 alcoholic fatty liver total cholesterol gamma glutamyl transferase Glutathione reactive nitrogen species Reactive oxygen species Toll-like receptor 4