Cognitive, Behavioral, and Social Factors Are Associated with Bias in Dietary Questionnaire Self-Reports by Schoolchildren Aged 9 to 11 Years

Episodic memory, classroom behavior, attitudes, socioeconomic status, and total items consumed are associated with bias in questionnaire self reports. Such biases have implications for examination of associations between breakfast eating and cognitive and behavioral factors, examination of effect modification by socioeconomic status in intervention trials, and for the sensitivity of measures to detect intervention effects.