کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10968145 | 1102869 | 2011 | 7 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Rapid, non-invasive imaging of alphaviral brain infection: Reducing animal numbers and morbidity to identify efficacy of potential vaccines and antivirals
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
ایمنی شناسی و میکروب شناسی
ایمونولوژی
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چکیده انگلیسی
Rapid and accurate identification of disease progression are key factors in testing novel vaccines and antivirals against encephalitic alphaviruses. Typical efficacy studies utilize a large number of animals and severe morbidity or mortality as an endpoint. New technologies provide a means to reduce and refine the animal use as proposed in Hume's 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement) described by Russel and Burch. In vivo imaging systems (IVIS) and bioluminescent enzyme technologies accomplish the reduction of animal requirements while shortening the experimental time and improving the accuracy in localizing active virus replication. In the case of murine models of viral encephalitis in which central nervous system (CNS) viral invasion occurs rapidly but the disease development is relatively slow, we visualized the initial brain infection and enhance the data collection process required for efficacy studies on antivirals or vaccines that are aimed at preventing brain infection. Accordingly, we infected mice through intranasal inoculation with the genetically modified pathogen, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, which expresses a luciferase gene. In this study, we were able to identify the invasion of the CNS at least 3 days before any clinical signs of disease, allowing for reduction of animal morbidity providing a humane means of disease and vaccine research while obtaining scientific data accurately and more rapidly. Based on our data from the imaging model, we confirmed the usefulness of this technology in preclinical research by demonstrating the efficacy of Ampligen, a TLR-3 agonist, in preventing CNS invasion.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Vaccine - Volume 29, Issue 50, 21 November 2011, Pages 9345-9351
Journal: Vaccine - Volume 29, Issue 50, 21 November 2011, Pages 9345-9351
نویسندگان
Michael Patterson, Allison Poussard, Katherine Taylor, Alexey Seregin, Jeanon Smith, Bi-Hung Peng, Aida Walker, Jenna Linde, Jennifer Smith, Milagros Salazar, Slobodan Paessler,