Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae induce necrosis and release of IL33 from intestinal epithelial cells in vitro: Implications for gastrointestinal nematode vaccine design

► A Trichostrongylus colubriformis-intestinal epithelial cell co-culture system was developed. ► Trichostrongylus colubriformis consumed epithelial cell contents during in vitro coculture. ► It was determined that motile T. colubriformis induced epithelial cell necrosis. ► Motile T. colubriformis also induced the expression and release of IL33 from cells. ► Hence host responses to T. colubriformis were triggered by epithelial cell death.