Differential expression of placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in pregnant women with diet-treated gestational diabetes mellitus

► We analyze maternal and fetal cortisol and cortisone levels in GDM patients. ► We examine changes in placental 11β-HSDs. ► We explore the mechanism in regulating 11β-HSDs expression. ► Aiming at fetal normal-cortisol environment prevents the risk of IUGR in future generations.