The V-ATPase: small cargo, large effects

About 30 years ago seminal reports of anion-sensitive proton-pumping activity associated with microsomal membranes initiated research on the plant vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase, VHA). Since, it has been firmly established that these complex molecular machines are essential for what can be defined as cellular logistics. In a eukaryotic cell, the flow of goods between compartments is achieved either by protein-mediated membrane transport or via vesicular trafficking. Over the past years, it has become increasingly clear that V-ATPases do not only energize secondary active transport but are also important regulators of membrane trafficking.

Research highlights▶ The V-ATPase has a dual role in membrane transport and vesicle trafficking. ▶ The V-ATPase in the TGN/EE is essential. ▶ Endocytic and secretory trafficking require V-ATPase activity. ▶ The V-ATPase at the tonoplast is not limiting for salt tolerance.