Développement de nouveaux substituts cutanés à base de polymères biorésorbables pour la prise en charge des affections cutanées sévères

Over the last years, increasing attention has been paid to skin engineering due to its predominant function in body integrity. Thus, many laboratories are attempting to develop a dermal-epidermal complex. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of poly(α-hydroxyacid)s in the development of biocompatible and bioresorbable dermal scaffold combining human fibroblasts and keratinocytes, in order to obviate the drawbacks of using natural polymers such as collagen, hyaluronic acid and fibrin. We first confirmed the interest of poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PLA50) during the reconstitution of epidermis and next, we investigated the potential of poly(d,l-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PLA50-PEG-PLA50) for either skin cytocompatibility or scaffold processing. Data showed that PLA50-PEG-PLA50 is compatible with the culture of human skin cells (fibroblasts and keratinocytes) and the development of a porous scaffold; two requirements compulsory for being considered as an adequate skin substitute. In fine, this material could represent the first generation of new skin dressings, i.e. a new concept taking advantage of both implantable devices and current dressings.