Dietetics Students' Ability to Choose Appropriate Communication and Counseling Methods Is Improved by Teaching Behavior-Change Strategies in Computer-Assisted Instruction

Several models and theories have been proposed to help registered dietitians (RD) counsel and communicate nutrition information to patients. However, there is little time for students or interns to observe and/or participate in counseling sessions. Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) can be used to give students more opportunity to observe the various methods and theories of counseling. This study used CAI simulations of RD−client communications to examine whether students who worked through the CAI modules would choose more appropriate counseling methods. Modules were created based on information from experienced RD. They contained videos of RD–patient interactions and demonstrated helpful and less helpful methods of communication. Students in didactic programs in dietetics accessed the modules via the Internet. The intervention group of students received a pretest module, two tutorial modules, and a posttest module. The control group only received the pretest and posttest modules. Data were collected during three semesters in 2006 and 2007. Two sample t tests were used to compare pretest and posttest scores. The influence of other factors was measured using factorial analysis of variance. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Eleven didactic programs participated. A total of 350 students were in the intervention group and 102 students were in the control group. Pretest scores were not different (6.30±0.26 vs 6.21±0.15, control and intervention, respectively). The intervention group's posttest score was higher than its pretest score (6.21±0.15 vs 6.65±0.16, pretest and posttest, respectively). Change in score from pretest to posttest was higher for the intervention group (−0.02±0.20 vs 0.44±0.11, control and intervention, respectively). For the 21 questions in the tutorials, those who answered 19 to 21 correctly had a greater increase from pretest to posttest than those who answered <13 correctly (−0.44±0.37 vs 0.84±0.17, <13 and 19 to 21 correct, respectively). There was no effect of instructor, grade point average, school year, or prior counseling on the results. The study provides evidence that the use of CAI can improve communication and counseling methods for dietetics students.