Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome after revascularization: A meta-analysis of eighteen cohorts with 18457 patients

ObjectiveTo provide a comprehensive evaluation of the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and to clarify the effect of revascularization methods among them in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing successful revascularization.MethodsPubMed and Embase databases were searched. Cohort studies evaluating the association between MetS and risk of MACE and providing the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) or sufficient data to calculate HR and its 95%CI among patients after revascularization were included. The pooled estimates were performed by using a random-effects model despite heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted adherence to guidelines.ResultsEighteen trials with 18457 patients were included. Overall, MetS was associated with significant increased risks of MACE (HR 1.47, 95%CI 1.26–1.72, I2 = 46.4%, PH = 0.016, P < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.58, 95%CI 1.29–1.92, I2 = 45.6%, PH = 0.075, P < 0.001) in CAD patients received revascularization. The results remained stable and robust in our subgroup analysis. However, no significant increased risk of MACE or all-cause mortality was found in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or drug-eluting stent (DES) in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionMetS was associated with increased risks of MACE and all-cause mortality in patients after revascularization, but not in patients receiving CABG or DES. Therefore, prevention and treatment of MetS are extremely necessary in patients undergoing revascularization. Moreover, CABG and DES should be recommended for CAD patients with MetS and future researches are still warranted.