Prognostic Value of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Variables in Chronic Heart Failure Patients With or Without Beta-Blocker Therapy

The prognostic value of exercise-derived variables in the prediction of mortality in patients with chronic heart failure treated by β blockers continues to be debated. A total of 402 patients with chronic heart failure, including 255 treated with β blockers, were included and followed for 26 ± 20 months after the exercise test. On univariate analysis, and in contrast to peak exercise oxygen consumption, the prognostic value of the minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope was increased in patients receiving β-blocker therapy. On multivariate analysis, no independent prognostic variable emerged in patients not on β-blocker therapy. However, the model that included the circulatory power (peak oxygen uptake × systolic blood pressure), in addition to age, New York Heart Association class, and left ventricular ejection fraction, was the best 1 for patients on β-blocker therapy. In conclusion, in patients with chronic heart failure, the circulatory power is the exercise variable with the greatest independent prognostic value, compared with the peak exercise oxygen consumption and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope.