Very Late Evaluation of the Use of Drug-Eluting Stents for the Treatment of Patients with Saphenous Vein Graft Lesions: One-Decade Experience of the DESIRE Registry

ABSTRACTBackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in saphenous vein grafts remains a challenge for interventional cardiology, due to acute complications and the lack of data on the late efficacy of drug-eluting stents (DESs).MethodsBetween May 2002 and January 2013, patients undergoing PCI with DES at Hospital do Coração were included in the DESIRE Registry. We evaluated the results of patients undergoing PCI in saphenous vein grafts (group 1), who were compared to those undergoing PCI in native vessels (group 2.)ResultsOf a total of 4,655 patients, 311 were included in group 1 and 4,344 in group 2. Group 1 included older patients (68.4 ± 9.7 years vs. 64 ± 11.2 years; P < 0.01), more frequently male (87.1% vs. 76.7%; P < 0.01) with a higher incidence of comorbidities. Unstable angina was the most frequent clínical presentation in this group. Group 1 patients received large caliber stents (3.18 ± 1.11 mm vs. 2.86 ± 0.43 mm; P < 0.01) and were less frequently submitted to pre-dilation (36.3% vs. 50.7%; P < 0.01) and post-dilation (38.3% vs. 58.4%; P < 0.01). They had a higher incidence of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction during hospitalization (11.3% vs. 4.1%; P < 0.01) and late major adverse cardiovascular events (32.8% vs. 13.9%; P < 0.01), at the expense of cardiac death (7.7% vs. 3.2%; P = 0.02) and target-lesion revascularization (9% vs. 4.3%; P < 0.01). Definitive stent thrombosis was more frequent in group 1 (3.5% vs. 1%; P < 0.01).ConclusionsDespite the unquestionable benefit of DESs in the late outcomes of PCI in complex patients, the treatment of patients with saphenous vein graft lesions remains a challenge, with less favorable acute and late results than in patients with native vessel lesions.

RESUMOAvaliação Muito Tardia do Uso de Stents Farmacológicos paraTratamento de Pacientes com Lesões em Enxertos de Veia Safena: Experiência de uma Década do Registro DESIREIntroduçãoA intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) em pontes de safena ainda representa um desafio à Cardiologia intervencionista, pelas complicações agudas e pela escassez de dados referentes à efetividade tardia dos stents farmacológicos (SFs).MétodosEntre maio de 2002 e janeiro de 2013, pacientes submetidos à ICP com SF no Hospital do Coração foram incluídos no Registro DESIRE. Avaliamos os resultados de pacientes submetidos à ICP em pontes de safena (grupo 1),que foram comparados aos submetidos a ICP em vasos nativos (grupo 2).ResultadosDe um total de 4.655 pacientes, 311 foram incluidos no grupo 1 e 4.344, no grupo 2. O grupo 1 contou com pacientes mais idosos (68,4 ± 9,7 anos vs. 64 ± 11,2 anos; P < 0,01), com mais pacientes do sexo masculino (87,1% vs. 76,7%; P < 0,01) e com maior incidência de comorbidades. Angina instável foi a apresentação clínica mais frequente nesse grupo. Pacientes do grupo 1 receberam stents de maior calibre (3,18 ± 1,11 mm vs. 2,86 ± 0,43 mm; P < 0,01) e foram submetidos menos frequentemente a pré-dilatação (36,3% vs. 50,7%; P < 0,01) e a pós-dilatação (38,3% vs. 58,4%; P < 0,01). Apresentaram mais infarto agudo do miocàrdio não-fatal na fase hospitalar (11,3% vs. 4,1%; P < 0,01) e mais eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores na fase tardia (32,8% vs. 13,9%; P < 0,01), à custa de óbito cardíaco (7,7% vs. 3,2%; P = 0,02) e de revascularizaçâo da lesäo-alvo (9% vs. 4,3%; P < 0,01). Trombose definitiva do stent foi mais frequente no grupo 1 (3,5% vs. 1%; P < 0,01).