Voice characteristics before versus after mandibular setback surgery in patients with mandibular prognathism using nonlinear dynamics and conventional acoustic analyses

The mLE1s for /u/ in males, and /o/ in females and the F2s for /i/ and /u/ in males, changed significantly after BSSRO. Class III voice characteristics were observed in the mLE1s for /i/ in both males and females, in the F0 for /a/, /i/, /u/ and /o/ in females, and in the F1 and F2 for /a/ in males, and the F1 for /u/ and the F2 for /i/ in females. Most of these characteristics were preserved after BSSRO.