Replication cycle of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 in duck embryonic hepatocytes

• This is the first description of the replication cycle of DHAV-1.
• Firstly find that DHAV-1 adsorption saturated at 90 min post-infection.
• The replication lasted around 13 h after early protein synthesis for about 5 h.
• The release of DHAV-1 was in steady state after 32 h.

Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is an important agent of duck viral hepatitis. Until recently, the replication cycle of DHAV-1 is still unknown. Here duck embryonic hepatocytes infected with DHAV-1 were collected at different time points, and dynamic changes of the relative DHAV-1 gene expression during replication were detected by real-time PCR. And the morphology of hepatocytes infected with DHAV was evaluated by electron microscope. The result suggested that the adsorption of DHAV-1 saturated at 90 min post-infection, and the virus particles with size of about 50 nm including more than 20 nm of vacuum drying gold were observed on the infected cells surface. What׳s more, the replication lasted around 13 h after the early protein synthesis for about 5 h, and the release of DHAV-1 was in steady state after 32 h. The replication cycle will enrich the data for DVH control and provide the foundation for future studies.