Motives and activities for continuing professional development: An exploration of their relationships by integrating literature and interview data

• Nurses show nine types of motives to engage in four types of CPD activities.
• Nurses have specific motives to engage in different types of learning activities.
• To increase competence is a prime motive for continuing professional development.

SummaryBackgroundTo effectively enhance professional development, it is important to understand the motivational factors behind nurses' engagement in particular types of learning activities. Nurses have various motives for professional development and utilise different learning activities. Not much is known about how these relate.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between nurses' motives and activities for continuing professional development, by examining in which types of learning activities nurses engage, with which motives, and whether certain motives are associated with certain learning activities.DesignA qualitative study using semi-structured interviews.Settings and ParticipantsTwenty-one nurses in academic and general Dutch hospitals participated.MethodsInterview data on nurses' learning biographies were analysed using a literature-based framework on motives and learning activities for continuing professional development. As recent classifications of nurses' motives for professional development were absent, the literature was reviewed for motives, using three databases. The interview transcripts were analysed for motives, learning activities and their relationships.ResultsNine motives and four categories of learning activities for continuing professional development were delineated. Increasing competence was the primary motive that stimulated nurses to engage in self-directed learning during work, and in formal learning activities. To comply with requirements, they engaged in mandatory courses. To deepen knowledge, they registered for conferences. To develop their careers, they enrolled in postgraduate education. Five other motives were not mentioned as frequently.ConclusionsSpecific motives were found to be related to engagement in particular learning activities. Nurses could use these findings to increase their awareness of why and how they develop professionally, and managers and human resource development professionals could develop approaches that would better suit nurses' needs.