Thyroid neoplasms (including the solitary nodule)

The focus of this contribution is thyroid neoplasms. Solitary nodules should be investigated to exclude malignancy. Tumours should be staged according to the TNM categorization and well differentiated papillary or follicular carcinomas should be treated according to a treatment protocol as agreed at a multidisciplinary team meeting. Medullary carcinomas should be treated by total thyroidectomy and nodal clearance. Lymphoma requires an adequate tissue biopsy for grading and diagnosis; surgery is rarely possible for anaplastic carcinomas.