کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4139324 1272202 2016 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Child Poverty: Definition and Measurement
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
فقر کودکان: تعریف و اندازه گیری
کلمات کلیدی
فقر؛ اندازه گیری فقر؛ اندازه گیری فقر مکمل
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت پزشکی و دندانپزشکی پریناتولوژی (پزشکی مادر و جنین)، طب اطفال و بهداشت کودک
چکیده انگلیسی

This article provides a discussion of what we mean when we refer to ‘child poverty.’ Many images come to mind when we discuss child poverty, but when we try to measure and quantify the extent of child poverty, we often use a very narrow concept. In this article a variety of poverty measures that are used in the United States are described and some of the differences between those measures are illustrated. In this article 3 measures are explored in detail: a relative measure of poverty that is used more often in an international context, the official US poverty measure, and a new supplemental poverty measure (SPM). The new measure differs from the other 2 because it takes into account noncash benefits that are provided to poor families. These include nutrition assistance such as food stamps, subsidized housing, and home energy assistance. The SPM also takes account of necessary expenses that families face, such as taxes and expenses related to work and health care. Comparing estimates for 2012, the SPM showed lower poverty rates for children than the other 2 measures. Because noncash benefits help those in extreme poverty, there were also lower percentages of children in extreme poverty with resources below half the SPM threshold. These results suggest that 2 important measures of poverty, the relative measure used in international comparisons, and the official poverty measure, are not able to gauge the effect of government programs on the alleviation of poverty, and the SPM illustrates that noncash benefits do help families meet their basic needs.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Academic Pediatrics - Volume 16, Issue 3, Supplement, April 2016, Pages S46–S51
نویسندگان
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