CO2 Inhalation as a Treatment for Apnea of Prematurity: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Because theophylline was more effective in reducing the number and severity of apneas, inhalation of low concentration of CO2, as used in the present study, cannot be considered as an alternative to theophylline in the treatment of apnea of prematurity. The less effectiveness of CO2 treatment may have been related to the variability of the delivery of CO2.