Association between tofu intake and serum polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the elderly Taiwanese

Age and gender are related to human dietary habits, which affect serum levels of dioxin-like compounds via body fat content. This study examined whether different dietary patterns and body fat content were associated with serum polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) concentrations for different age groups of Taiwanese subjects. In total, 1165 volunteers completed a semi-quantitative food-consumption frequency questionnaire for serum PCDD/Fs analysis. In the elderly (age, > 45 years), a significant positive multivariate-adjusted association was identified between serum PCDD/F levels and sea fish intake. Additionally, consumption of tofu was negatively correlated with serum PCDD/F levels. This study also found a negative correlation between tofu intake and body fat content in the elderly. It seems that when elderly people ingested considerable amounts of soybean protein, such as tofu, they typically had low serum PCDD/Fs levels in relation to reduced body fat content and induction of metabolic enzymes. The relationship between tofu intake, metabolic enzymes, and serum PCDD/F accumulations warrants further investigated previously to recommend how to prevent PCDD/F accumulations via intake of soybean products.