کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5040006 1473459 2017 14 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The influence of a bystander agent's beliefs on children's and adults' decision-making process
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تأثیر اعتقادات عامل مهاجم بر روند تصمیم گیری کودکان و بزرگسالان
کلمات کلیدی
نظریه ذهن، ردیابی باورهای اتوماتیک، خودمراقبتی، تصمیم سازی، شناخت اجتماعی، نماینده
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم انسانی و اجتماعی روانشناسی روانشناسی رشد و آموزشی
چکیده انگلیسی


- Children and adults automatically attribute beliefs to bystander agents.
- Children's automatic attribution of beliefs influences their deliberate decision-making.
- Further, their decisions are even influenced by non-human-like bystander agents.
- Adults are able to suppress further influence of this automatic ascription mechanism.

The ability to attribute and represent others' mental states (e.g., beliefs; so-called “theory of mind”) is essential for participation in human social interaction. Despite a considerable body of research using tasks in which protagonists in the participants' attentional focus held false or true beliefs, the question of automatic belief attribution to bystander agents has received little attention. In the current study, we presented adults and 6-year-olds (N = 92) with an implicit computer-based avoidance false-belief task in which participants were asked to place an object into one of three boxes. While doing so, we manipulated the beliefs of an irrelevant human-like or non-human-like bystander agent who was visible on the screen. Importantly, the bystander agent's beliefs were irrelevant for solving the task. Still, children's decision making was significantly influenced by the bystander agent's beliefs even if this was a non-human-like self-propelled object. Such an influence did not become obvious in adults' deliberate decisions but occurred only in their reaction times, which suggests that they also processed the bystander agent's beliefs but were able to suppress the influence of such beliefs on their behavior regulation. The results of a control study (N = 53) ruled out low-level explanations and confirmed that self-propelledness of agents is a necessary factor for belief attribution to occur. Thus, not only do humans spontaneously ascribe beliefs to self-propelled bystander agents, but those beliefs even influence meaningful decisions in children.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology - Volume 153, January 2017, Pages 126-139
نویسندگان
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