Pentraxin 3 in unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

PurposeWe prospectively investigated the prognostic value of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI).BackgroundPTX3 may be a useful marker for localized vascular inflammation and damage to the cardiovascular system. Recent studies have shown that plasma PTX3 is elevated in patients with UA/NSTEMI; however, its prognostic value in UA/NSTEMI remains unclear.MethodsPTX3, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and cardiac troponin I were measured on admission in 204 consecutive patients (mean age of 69 years; 144 males) hospitalized for UA/NSTEMI within 24 h (mean of 7.5 h) after the onset of chest symptoms. A cardiac event, which was defined as cardiac death, rehospitalization for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), or rehospitalization for worsening heart failure, was monitored for 6 months after admission.ResultsA total of 26 (13%) cardiac events occurred during the 6-month follow-up period. In a stepwise Cox regression analysis including 18 well-known clinical and biochemical predictors of ACS outcome, both PTX3 (relative risk 3.86 per 10-fold increment, P = 0.01) and NT-proBNP (relative risk 2.16 per 10-fold increment, P = 0.02), but not hsCRP, were independently associated with the 6-month cardiac event. The cardiac event rate was higher in patients with increased PTX3 (≥3.1 ng/mL of median value) than those without (20% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.003). A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with increased PTX3 had a higher risk for cardiac events than those without (P = 0.002).ConclusionPTX3 and NT-proBNP may be potent and independent predictors for 6-month cardiac events in patients hospitalized for UA/NSTEMI within 24 h after the onset. Measurement of plasma PTX3 may substantially improve the early risk stratification of patients with UA/NSTEMI.