Tenure security and household investment decisions for urban sanitation: The case of Dakar, Senegal

► Tenure security affects willingness to invest in household sanitation. ► Households with de facto tenure security will pay for the capital costs of sanitation. ► Tenants will pay for operational rather than capital costs of sanitation services. ► Tenure status accounts for a greater disparity in sanitation than in other services. ► Urban sanitation policies do not account for peoples' tenure-related investment logic.