Cancer-free aging: Insights from Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies

Cancer and ageing can be regarded as two different manifestations of the same underlying process-accumulation of cellular damage-and therefore both are closely linked. Nowadays, the ageing of populations worldwide is leading to an unprecedented increase in cancer cases and fatalities, and therefore the understanding of links between cancer and ageing is more important than ever. Spalax is considered an excellent model for ageing and, additionally, for cancer research, due to not show clear age-related phenotypic changes and not develop spontaneous tumours, despite its relatively long lifespan (∼20 years in captivity). Thereby, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge on Spalax, with a particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms associated with their longevity and cancer resistance.