Association of vascular indices with novel circulating biomarkers as prognostic factors for cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

In T2DM patients without established cardiovascular disease, novel indices of vascular inflammation (NGAL and YKL-40) were associated with subclinical atherosclerosis (arterial stiffness) but also with adverse clinical prognosis. Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction were also independently related to adverse prognosis.