Relevance of peroxynitrite formation and 3-nitrotyrosine on spermatozoa physiology

This review will focus on the description of spermatozoa ROS, namely O2
- −, NO and ONOO− and in their contribution to protein tyrosine nitration, namely by 3-NT formation. Previous results about the effect of ONOO− and 3-NT in spermatozoa will be presented, as well as, the methods that can be performed to detect the protein oxidation by these species. The impact of measuring, at the clinical level, 3-NT, considered a marker of OS, in spermatozoa will be discussed.