Autistic traits and adult attachment styles

• The link between autism and attachment was examined in a non-clinical sample.
• A dimensional approach to the assessment of autism and attachment was used.
• Autistic traits significantly predicted higher levels of avoidant attachment.
• Distinct adult attachment styles are related to specific autistic-like traits.

This study examined the relationship between autistic traits and adult attachment styles in a non-clinical sample of 326 university students. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict both attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety from levels of self-reported autistic traits. A significant unique relationship between autistic traits and attachment avoidance was found after controlling for all Big-Five personality traits, BIS/BAS, gender, and current relationship status. Hence, individuals who report more autistic-like behaviours, especially with respect to communication difficulties, are less likely to report sharing high levels of emotional closeness with romantic partners. On the other hand, no unique relationship between autistic traits and attachment anxiety was present.