How mismatching institutional logics hinder niche–regime interaction and how boundary spanners intervene

• We study the integration of biomethane into the Dutch natural gas grid.
• Mismatch in institutional logics between niche and regime hampers cooperation.
• Boundary spanners aim for mutual understanding and productive working relationships.
• Infrastructure is a gatekeeper for renewable energy and merits more attention.
• Policy should also be directed at regime actors that accommodate renewable energy.

The promotion of renewable energy production requires the cooperation of previously unrelated actors. In the Netherlands, a government subsidy pushes biomethane producers into a relationship with operators of the gas network. However, this cooperation proved to be very difficult. This research analyzes the problematic interaction between producers and network operators in the case of biomethane injection in the Dutch natural gas grid. We draw on the concept of ‘institutional logics’ to improve our understanding of this interaction and to identify divergent practices and belief systems. This research contributes to the multilevel perspective on socio-technical transitions, in particular to insights into the interaction between the biomethane niche and gas regime. Based on interviews and secondary data sources we find diverging logics for biomethane producers and network operators. The differences regarding the goals pursued, decision-making style, and the scale of operations hamper productive cooperation. We also observe that ‘boundary spanning’ individuals step in to increase mutual understanding and to forge productive working relationships. However, the existing logics leave very little room for maneuvering, given the embeddedness and stability of logics in thinking, acting, and physical infrastructure. Mismatching institutional logics form a serious hurdle for successful biomethane injection, and thus hinder the transition towards more renewable energy production.