Adoption of water-saving technology in agriculture: The case of laser levelers

Water saving agricultural technologies like laser leveling are a potentially important but under-utilized lever to conserve groundwater in India. We report findings from a survey about laser leveler adoption among farmers in Punjab in India. Despite high private returns, many farmers have not invested in laser leveling when it was available. We investigate factors associated with (and impediments to) adoption, including financial constraints and social network influence.