Keywords: AL; alantolactone; AL-GSH; glutathione conjugate of alantolactone; AL-Cys; cysteine conjugate of alantolactone; AUC; area under the concentration-time curve; Cys; cysteine; CYP450; cytochrome P450; DAD; diode array detector; GSH; glutathione; GST; glutath
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Keywords: Clint; intrinsic clearance; Clint app.; apparent intrinsic clearance; DAD; diod array detector; DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; ER; endoplasmic reticulum; fu; unbound fraction of a drug in the microsomal incubation mixture; HPLC; high performance liquid chromat
Keywords: Acyl glucuronide; Drug development; Drug toxicity; In vitro screening; In vivo model; Immune activation; Protein adduct; Reactive metabolite; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; ADR; adverse drug reaction; AG; acyl glucuronide; AGE; advanced glycation end prod
In vitro percutaneous absorption and metabolism of Bisphenol A (BPA) through fresh human skin
Keywords: BPA; Bisphenol A; BPA-gluc; BPA-glucuronide; BPA-sulf; BPA-sulfate; ECHA; European Chemicals Agency; CoRAP; substance evaluation process by ECHA; EFSA; European Food Safety Authority; EPA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; OECD TG; Organisation for Ec
Resveratrol represses estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis through NRF2-UGT1A8-estrogen metabolic axis activation
Keywords: 2-MeOE1/E2; 4-MeOE1/E2, methoxyestrogens; 2-OHE1/E2; 4-OHE1/E2, hydroxyestrogens; 53BP1; tumor protein p53 binding protein 1; DMBA; 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene; DSBs; DNA double-strand breaks; E1; estrone; E2; estradiol; E2-3G; E2-3-glucuronide; E2-17G
Pharmacokinetics and cytotoxic study of euphol from Euphorbia umbellata (Bruyns) Pax latex
Keywords: Euphol; Cell culture; Cytotoxic activity; UHPLC-MS; Euphorbia; Pharmacokinetics; 1D and 2D NMR; one and two dimension nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; ACN; acetonitrile; ATCC; american type culture collection; CDCl3; deuterated chloroform; CDK; cy
Improving oral bioavailability of resveratrol by a UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inhibitory excipient-based self-microemulsion
Keywords: ACN; acetonitrile; AP; apical; BL; basolateral; CYP450; cytochrome P450 proteins; FBS; fetal bovine serum; IC50; half-inhibitory concentration; MEM; minimum essential medium; MTT; 3-(40,50-dimethylthiazol-20-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; NEAA; none
Identification and characterization of in vitro inhibitors against UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 in uva-ursi extracts and evaluation of in vivo uva-ursi-drug interactions
Keywords: Uva-ursi extract; In vitro UGT1A1 inhibition; Gallotannin; 1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose; In vivo herbâdrug interaction; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; TeGG; 1,2,3,6-tetragalloylglucose; 4-MU; 4-methylumbelliferone; UDPGA; uridine 5â²-diphosphoglucuro
Inhibition of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)-mediated glycyrrhetinic acid 3-O-glucuronidation by polyphenols and triterpenoids
Keywords: UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase; UGT; Licorice; Glycyrrhetinic acid; Glycyrrhizin; Glucuronidation; Glucuronide; Natural medicine; Adverse reaction; Pseudohyperaldosteronism; DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; GA; Glycyrrhetinic acid; HPLC; high-performance liquid chr
Changes in coumarin kinetics and subcellular localization of CYP2E1 contribute to bile duct damage and reduce hepatocellular damage after repeated administration of coumarin in rats
Keywords: ALP; alkaline phosphatase; ALT; alanine aminotransferase; AST; aspartate aminotransferase; CCK-8; cell counting kit-8; CYP1A; cytochrome P450 1A; CYP2E1; cytochrome P450 2E1; GLDH; glutamate dehydrogenase; H&E; hematoxylin and eosin; o-HPAA; o-hydroxyphen
Identification and validation of microRNAs directly regulating the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A subfamily enzymes by a functional genomics approach
Keywords: UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; 3â²-UTR; 3â²-untranslated region; SNP; single nucleotide polymorphism; miRNA; microRNA; UDPGA; uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid; qPCR; quantitative real-time PCR; MRE; miRNA response element; Ez-Glu; ezetimibe glucur
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and their related metabolic cross-talk with internal homeostasis: A systematic review of UGT isoforms for precision medicine
Keywords: UGT; UDP glucuronosyltransferases; DDIs; drug-drug interactions; DMEs; drug metabolizing enzymes; LC-MS/MS; liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry; UDPGA; uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid; AA; arachidonic acid; HETEs; hydroxyeico
Direct comparison of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and cytochrome P450 activities in human liver microsomes, plated and suspended primary human hepatocytes from five liver donors
Keywords: UDPGA; 5â²-diphosphoglucuronic acid; CRMs; chemically reactive metabolites; CYP; cytochrome P450; HLM; human liver microsomes; PHH; primary human hepatocytes; UGTs; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases; β-estradiol (PubChem CID:5757); Chenodeoxycholic acid (Pub
N-glucuronidation catalyzed by UGT1A4 and UGT2B10 in human liver microsomes: Assay optimization and substrate identification
Keywords: HLM; human liver microsomes; MS; mass spectroscopy; NNAL; 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol; QTOF; quadrupole time-of-flight; UDPGA; uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; UPLC; ultra performance liquid chromatogra
Comparison of the Predictability of Human Hepatic Clearance for Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide Substrate Drugs Between Different In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation Approaches
Keywords: active transport; cytochrome P450; glucuronosyltransferase (UGT); hepatic clearance; hepatic transport; hepatocytes; membrane transport/transporters; organic anion transporting polypeptide transporters; transporters; AUC; area under the plasma concentrati
Identification and characterization of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases responsible for the in vitro glucuronidation of ursolic acid
Keywords: Ursolic acid; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases; Metabolism pathway; Metabolism characterization; UA; ursolic acid; HLMs; human liver microsomes; HIMs; human intestinal microsomes; UGTs; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases; DDI; drug-drug interactions; RILD; Resear
Transcriptome association analysis identifies miR-375 as a major determinant of variable acetaminophen glucuronidation by human liver
Keywords: ALF; acute liver failure; NAPQI; N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; SULT; sulfotransferase; CYP; cytochrome P450; 3â²-UTR; 3â²-untranslated region; SNP; single nucleotide polymorphism; miRNA; microRNA; UDPGA; uridine diphos
Mode of action based risk assessment of the botanical food-borne alkenylbenzene apiol from parsley using physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling and read-across from safrole
Keywords: Apiol; Safrole; PBK modelling; Read-across; Risk assessment; Margin of exposure; ADD; 4-allyl-3,6-dimethoxybenzene-1,2-diol; BMDL10; the lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose resulting in a 10% extra cancer; DHA; 2â²,3â²-di hydroxyapiol; DMSO; di
Urinary excretion and metabolism of miglustat and valproate in patients with Niemann-Pick type C1 disease: One- and two-dimensional solution-state 1H NMR studies
Keywords: Miglustat (CID 51634); Valproate (CID 3121); 1-O-Valproyl-β-glucuronide (53477719); NP-C; Niemann-Pick type C disease; GSL; glycosphingolipid; MGS; miglustat; UD; puridine diphosphate; UDPGA; uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid trisodium salt; NP-C d
Activities of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rat placenta and liver in vitro
Keywords: ADH; alcohol dehydrogenase; ALDH; aldehyde dehydrogenase; BA; benzydamine; BA-Nox; benzydamine-N-oxide; BROD; 7-benzylresorufin-O-dealkylase; CYP; cytochrome P450; DDT; dithiothreitol; EROD; 7-ethylresorufin-O-dealkylase; FMO; flavin-containing monooxygen
Tissue and species differences in the glucuronidation of glabridin with UDP-glucuronosyltransferases
Keywords: GA; glabridin; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases; HLM and HIM; liver and intestinal microsomes from humans, respectively; RLM and RIM; liver and intestinal microsomes from rats, respectively; CyLM and DLM; liver microsomes from cynomolgus monkeys and beag
Regioselective glucuronidation of the isoflavone calycosin by human liver microsomes and recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases
Keywords: HLMs; human liver microsomes; UGTs; UDP-glucuronosyltransferases; SGR; Structure-glucuronidation relationship; HPLC; high performance liquid chromatography; NADPH; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced; CYP450s; cytochrome P450s; PAPS; 3â
Metabolism studies of ifenprodil, a potent GluN2B receptor antagonist
Keywords: BSA; bovine serum albumin; CNS; central nervous system; COMT; catechol-O-methyl transferase; EIC; extracted ion current; NADPH; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NMDA; N-methyl-d-aspartate; PAPS; adenosine-3â²-phosphate-5â²-phosphosulfate lit
Malabaricone C-containing mace extract inhibits safrole bioactivation and DNA adduct formation both in vitro and in vivo
Keywords: BMD; benchmark dose; BMDL10; the lower confidence limit of the benchmark dose causing 10% extra tumor incidence; EDI; estimated daily intake; GSH; glutathione reduced; 7HC; 7-hydroxycoumarin; 7HCS; 7-hydroxycoumarin sulfate; HPLC; high performance liquid
Genistein protection against acetaminophen-induced liver injury via its potential impact on the activation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and antioxidant enzymes
Keywords: UGTs; uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase; UDPGA; uridine diphosphate-glucuronic acid; APAP; acetaminophen, paracetamol; ALT; alanine aminotransferase; AST; aspartate aminotransferase; GSH; glutathione; LDH; lactate dehydrogenase; MDA; malondialde
Validated LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 3-hydroxflavone and its glucuronide in blood and bioequivalent buffers: Application to pharmacokinetic, absorption, and metabolism studies
Keywords: UPLC; ultra-performance liquid chromatography; I.S.; internal standard; DP; declustering potential; CE; collision energy; CXP; collision cell exit potential; AUC; area under the curve; QC; quality control; LLOQ; lower limit of quantification; 3-HF; 3-hydr
Ezetimibe: A biomarker for efficacy of liver directed UGT1A1 gene therapy for inherited hyperbilirubinemia
Keywords: UCB; unconjugated bilirubin; BMG; bilirubin mono-glucuronide; BDG; bilirubin di-glucuronide; AAV; adenoâassociated virus; scAAV; self complementary AAV; CNI; Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I; CN II; Crigler-Najjar syndrome type II; UGT1A1; uridine 5'-di-p
Involvement of UDP-glucuronosyltranferases and sulfotransferases in the liver and intestinal first-pass metabolism of seven flavones in C57 mice and humans in vitro
Keywords: 3-HF; 3-hydroxyflavone; 4â²-HF; 4â²-hydroxyflavone; 5-HF; 5-hydroxyflavone; 7-HF; 7-hydroxyflavone; 3,5-diHF; 3,5-dihydroxyflavone; 3,7-diHF; 3,7-dihydroxyflavone; 3,4â²-diHF; 3,4â²-dihydroxyflavone; BCRP; breast cancer resistance protein; BSA; bovine
Mechanistic insights from comparing intrinsic clearance values between human liver microsomes and hepatocytes to guide drug design
Keywords: Metabolic stability; Human liver microsomes; Human hepatocytes; Intrinsic clearance; Hepatic transporters; Drug discovery; ADME; Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion; AO; Aldehyde oxidase; BCRP; Breast cancer resistance protein; CYP; Cytoch
Effect of oxidative stress on UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in rat astrocytes
Keywords: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; Astrocytes; Oxidative stress; NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase; NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1; 1-NP; 1-naphthol; ARE; antioxidant response element; DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxyde; FeHQ; FeCl3/8-hydroxyquinoline; FITC; fluorescein
Coupling of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and multidrug resistance-associated proteins is responsible for the intestinal disposition and poor bioavailability of emodin
Keywords: AIC; Akaike's information criterion; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; UDPGA; uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid; LTC4; leukotriene C4; NTP; National Toxicology Program; SD; Sprague-Dawley; DMEM; Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; AP; apical; BL; basolat
Astaxanthin can alter CYP1A-dependent activities via two different mechanisms: Induction of protein expression and inhibition of NADPH P450 reductase dependent electron transfer
Keywords: Ax; astaxanthin; B[a]P; benzo[a]pyrene; CYP; cytochrome P450; DCNB; 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene; EROD; ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase; GSH; reduced glutathione; GST; glutathione S-transferase; UDPGA; glucuronic acid trisodium salt; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltran
Pharmacokinetic interaction between liquiritigenin (LQ) and DDB: Increased glucuronidation of LQ in the liver possibly due to increased hepatic blood flow rate by DDB
Keywords: LQ and DDB; Pharmacokinetic interaction; UGT; UDPGA; Hepatic blood flow rate; Rats
Analysis of conjugated steroid androgens: Deconjugation, derivatisation and associated issues
Keywords: 13C/12C; stable carbon isotope ratio; APS; adenosine-5â²-phosphate; ATP; adenosine triphosphate; BSTFA; N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide; DHEA; dehydroepiandrosterone; ES; external standard; FID; flame ionisation detector; FU; Fishman unit; G;
Redox cycling of 9,10-phenanthraquinone to cause oxidative stress is terminated through its monoglucuronide conjugation in human pulmonary epithelial A549 cells
Keywords: DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; DNPH; 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; HPLC; high-performance liquid chromatography; MTT; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; PM; particulate matter; PQ; 9,10-phenanthraquinone; PQ·â; 9,10-phenanthraquinon
Enhancement of phase II enzyme activity by purpurin resulting in the suppression of MeIQx-DNA-adduct formation in mice
Keywords: CDNB; 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; CYP; cytochrome P450; EROD; ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase; GSH; glutathione reduced form; GST; glutathione S-transferase; MeIQx; 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline; MROD; methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase; NAT; N-
Valproic acid glucuronidation is associated with increases in 15-F2t-isoprostane in rats
Keywords: 15-F2t-IsoP; 15-F2t-isoprostane; α-F-VPA; α-fluoro-2-propylpentanoic acid; α-F-VPA-G; α-fluoro-2-propylpentanoyl-1-O-acyl glucuronide; PB; phenobarbital; UDPGA; UDP-glucuronic acid; UGT; UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; VPA; valproic acid, 2-propyl-pentan