On the aggregate grid load imposed by battery health-conscious charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

► We optimize the charging patterns of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). ► The objectives are to reduce energy cost and battery degradation, simultaneously. ► We obtain the aggregate PHEV grid load by accumulating individual charge patterns. ► We study the effects of charging location, battery size, and electricity price. ► To enhance battery longevity PHEVs adopt last-minute off-peak charging.