State of charge monitoring methods for vanadium redox flow battery control

- New state-of-charge monitoring methods are evaluated for the all-vanadium redox flow battery.
- Separate monitoring of each half-cell electrolyte allows imbalances to be detected and corrected.
- Linear variation in conductivity vs state-of-charge observed for each half-cell electrolyte.
- Optical absorbance showed linear variation vs SOC for negative half-cell solution.