کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1163167 1490927 2016 18 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
State of the art of environmentally friendly sample preparation approaches for determination of PBDEs and metabolites in environmental and biological samples: A critical review
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه شیمی شیمی آنالیزی یا شیمی تجزیه
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
State of the art of environmentally friendly sample preparation approaches for determination of PBDEs and metabolites in environmental and biological samples: A critical review
چکیده انگلیسی


• Green sample preparation approach for determination of PBDEs and metabolites.
• Liquid phase microextraction are used mostly for liquid samples treatment.
• Alternative solvents are scarcely used in PBDEs determination.
• Solvent assisted extraction are preferred for PBDEs' leaching from solid samples.
• Scarce reports of green analytical methodology for metabolites determination.

Green chemistry principles for developing methodologies have gained attention in analytical chemistry in recent decades. A growing number of analytical techniques have been proposed for determination of organic persistent pollutants in environmental and biological samples. In this light, the current review aims to present state-of-the-art sample preparation approaches based on green analytical principles proposed for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and metabolites (OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs) in environmental and biological samples. Approaches to lower the solvent consumption and accelerate the extraction, such as pressurized liquid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction, are discussed in this review. Special attention is paid to miniaturized sample preparation methodologies and strategies proposed to reduce organic solvent consumption. Additionally, extraction techniques based on alternative solvents (surfactants, supercritical fluids, or ionic liquids) are also commented in this work, even though these are scarcely used for determination of PBDEs. In addition to liquid-based extraction techniques, solid-based analytical techniques are also addressed. The development of greener, faster and simpler sample preparation approaches has increased in recent years (2003–2013). Among green extraction techniques, those based on the liquid phase predominate over those based on the solid phase (71% vs. 29%, respectively). For solid samples, solvent assisted extraction techniques are preferred for leaching of PBDEs, and liquid phase microextraction techniques are mostly used for liquid samples. Likewise, green characteristics of the instrumental analysis used after the extraction and clean-up steps are briefly discussed.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Analytica Chimica Acta - Volume 905, 28 January 2016, Pages 24–41
نویسندگان
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