Silver nanoparticles enhanced flow injection chemiluminescence determination of gatifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked urine sample

• Precise and reliable method was developed for the determination of gatifloxacin.
• Silver nanoparticle was used as chemiluminescence enhancer.
• This method is easily performed and affords good precision and accuracy.
• The sensitivity of this technique does not affected by coexisting ions/compounds.
• The method was successfully applied to analysis of drug and spiked urine.

Silver nanoparticles have been utilized for the enhanced chemiluminogenic estimation of fluoroquinolone antibiotic gatifloxacin. It has been found that the weak chemiluminescence intensity produced from the reaction between calcein and KMnO4 can further be strengthened by the addition of silver nanoparticles in the presence of gatifloxacin. This phenomenon has been exploited to the quantitative determination of gatifloxacin. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the calibration curves are linear over the range of 8.9 × 10−9–4.0 × 10−6 M, while the limits of detections were found to be 2.6 × 10−9 M with correlation coefficient value (r2) 0.9999. The relative standard deviation calculated from six replicate measurements (1.0 × 10−4 M gatifloxacin) was 1.70%. The method was applied to pharmaceutical preparations and the results obtained were in reasonable agreement with the amount labeled on the formulations. The proposed method was also used for the determination of gatifloxacin in spiked urine samples with satisfactory results. No interference effects from some common excipients used in pharmaceutical preparations have been found.

CL spectra for the quantitative analysis of GFLX; (4) calcein–KMnO4 system, (5) calcein–KMnO4–GFLX system and (6) calcein–KMnO4–GFLX–AgNP system; conditions: [GFLX] = 1.0 × 10−5 M, [calcein] = 1.0 × 10−4 M, [KMnO4] = 7.0 × 10−4 M, [NaOH] = 0.05 M, [AgNP] = 5.0 × 10−4 M.Figure optionsDownload as PowerPoint slide