Antibodies as target for affinity biosensors

• Review of immunosensors for antibodies determination.
• Analytical figures of merit of immunosensors.
• Comparison of label and label-free detection strategies.

Antibodies or immunoglobulins (Ig) are proteins produced by the immune system to protect the body by identifying and neutralizing pathogens. The determination of antibodies is an important area in bioanalysis because their presence provides information about pathologies such as infections, allergies, auto-immune diseases and cancers. Antibodies can be readily detected and quantified by using immunosensors. This review provides an up-to-date overview of immunosensors for the determination of antibodies which can be implemented in the clinical area, for point-of care applications or in routine laboratories.