Biocompatibility of CS–PPy nanocomposites and their application to glucose biosensor

The intrinsic properties and application potential of nanocolloids are mainly determined by size, shape, composition, and structure. In this case, a novel glucose biosensor was developed by using the chitosan–polypyrrole (CS–PPy) nanocomposites as special modified materials that coating onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The CS–PPy nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Moreover, the interaction of CS–PPy nanocomposites with glucose oxidase (GOD) was also investigated by the combined studies with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). Due to the conductivity of polypyrrole (PPy), good biocompatibility of CS, and advantages of nanoparticles, CS–PPy nanocomposites were chosen and designed to modify the GCE for the retention of GOD's biological activity and the vantage of electron transfer between GOD and electrodes. The GOD biosensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (5 s) to glucose, a good linear current–time relation over a wide range of glucose concentrations from 5.00 × 10− 4 to 1.47 × 10− 1 M, and a low detection limit of 1.55 × 10− 5 M. The GOD biosensor modified with CS–PPy nanocomposites will have essential meaning and practical application in future that attributed to the simple method of fabrication and good performance.

► A novel electrochemical glucose biosensor based on CS–PPy nanocomposite is developed.
► The prepared CS–PPy provided a micro-environment with biocompatibility and good conductivity for enzyme.
► The glucose biosensor modified by CS–PPy nanocomposites showed good electrochemical performance.