The production of hydrogen-rich gas by wet sludge pyrolysis using waste heat from blast-furnace slag

• The sensible heat of molten slag was recovered and converted into combustible gas.
• A novel rotary pyrolysis reactor using BF slag as heat carrier was presented.
• The moisture in sludge was used as the gasification medium and hydrogen source.

Blast furnace (BF) slag, a byproduct of steelmaking industry, contains a large amount of sensible heat and is composed of some metal oxides, which exhibits preferable catalytic performance in improving tar cracking and CnHm reforming. This paper presents a heat recovery system from the heat of BF slag, which generates hydrogen-rich gas via the endothermic reactions of sludge pyrolysis. The effects of various parameters including the slag temperature, the mass ratio of slag to sludge (B/S), particle size and feed moisture on product yields and gas characteristics were evaluated separately. It was found that the pyrolysis products distribution was significantly influenced by the BF slag temperature. The differences resulting from varying B/S practically disappear as higher temperature heat carrier is approached. The optimum feed moisture was in favour of sludge pyrolysis by getting char and tar participate in gasification reactions, improving gas yield and quality. BF slag as catalyst can greatly increase H2 and CO contents of gas by improving tar degradation and reforming of biogas (CO2 and CH4). Decreasing the slag particles size was helpful to sludge primary pyrolysis to produce more light gases, less char and condensate, while its effects on gas compositions was not evident.